Wednesday gimp blogging

Before Thanksgiving, I had another Parts Replacement Week -- my three-month feeding tube swap and a trach switch. Both went extremely smoothly, and I'm compelled to demystify the process and possession of each a little bit because I know both are considered extreme medical treatments and often used as examples of what people would rather die before enduring.

I wouldn't say it's simple or totally painless to be the owner of a PEG tube or a trach, but both devices have improved my quality of life so significantly that I can honestly say I haven't felt physically healthier in several years. This is because I am getting enough air at all times and have a back-up plan to feeding by mouth, which was harder when I was getting less air, but is also harder for me than the average person because of weakened facial and swallowing muscles.

And it was just a little more than a year ago when my digestive system inexplicably slowed, stopped and rebelled completely. I now have options to starving to death if that happens again. I'm not being extreme when I say that last -- I lacked enough vital potassium and magnesium and I weighed less than 75 pounds when I started that four-month hospital stint last November. I'm over 5'11", by the way. Though many of my muscles are wasted and I naturally weigh much less than the average woman my height, it was critical.

So, the feed tube and trach are good things. And the feeding tube, in particular, is not as drastic or complicated as you might think. As a simple solution to delivering nutrition, it has existed since long before electricity. It's basically a straw, and modern technology allows an older, deteriorating tube to be replaced by a spanking new one in literally five minutes time. I'd definitely rather have my PEG tube replaced than get an ABG (arterial blood gas draw) and probably even a regular blood draw too.

To have the tube exchanged, I do return to the institution where my little stoma was born because they have the elaborate x-ray equipment needed for this and other laparoscopy-type fun. The most complicated part of the procedure is either the out-patient checking-in process or flinging me up onto the x-ray table with all my tubes still attached. Someone splashes Betadine all over my belly, they get the area sterile, the doctor shows up, they lower a drum-like x-ray dealie down low over my stomach, and then they do the deed. They have Novocaine and other painkillers available, but I've never come close to needing anything.

The doctor looks at an x-ray video of my stomach instead of my stomach itself while he threads a guidewire down through the old tube. He pulls that old tube out and there's a little pinch when the balloon that holds the tube in place inside my stomach pops out the stoma. Another little pinch when the new tube and balloon are threaded in. And that's it. Did I mention the technology of this is seriously cool to witness? It is.

In the x-ray picture above, the small circular spot at the center of the image is the balloon where it sits in my stomach stabilizing the tube. All of the tube you see winding in a figure-eight shape is inside me, providing access to my stomach and also to my jejunum. The next pic is my Betadined belly and the port end of the tube, which has three separate openings -- the capped third one is only used to position the whole shebang.

The writing on the ports of the tube: "Gastric" goes to my stomach proper, "jejunal" leads to the upper portion of my small intestine just below my stomach, and "bal." possibly means "balance." Or "ballast." Or "balloon." Or sometimes, I like to think, "balsamic." If I get liquid nutrition overnight, it's in the jejunal tube, which is helpful when I have hints of the montrous nausea that required the bypassing of my stomach in the first place. And though I haven't had any sort of virus since the installation, I plan to make great use of keeping myself juicy with plenty of healthy fluids by way of these tubes should the need arise.

I keep the tube taped to my stomach most of the time. In the picture it's just basic medical tape but usually there's a fancy sticker gizmo with a tab to hold the tube in one place. Otherwise the tube hangs down from my stomach and flops around like a penis I don't know what to do with.

Have we reached TMI yet? Anyway.

All of the above replacement business is actually just an excuse to go somewhere excellent for lunch. Lately, it's the Midtown Global Market in the renovated Sears building on Lake and Chicago in Minneapolis. I had Jamaican jerk chicken and fresh sweet potato pie three months ago courtesy of West Indies Soul. This time: octopus taco from La Sirena Gorda. It was spicy and delicious, though I had hoped for a larger octopus to make the sacrifice so I wouldn't have to eat little heads and collections of legs whole. I get creeped by eating whole creatures in one bite. But otherwise it was yum and I recommend it for the non-phobic. For dessert, the mysterious Men's Pocky bought at United Noodles, the Japanese grocery.

Aside from the Twisty-like description of lunch, I'm hoping that my explanation of my PEG tube and the simplicity of getting it replaced stands in stark contrast to the idea that because Terri Schiavo owned one, it was one sign her life was over. It's also important to note that court orders for removal and reinsertion of her feeding tube were more complicated than what I've described above. When you're threading a new tube in and not replacing one already there, it's a bit more invasive and definitely involves more pain.

Facts of Schiavo's health aside, all of the feeding tube removal business was to make food and drink inaccessible and was not at all required for denying her food and drink -- the removal of the tube is how modern medicine makes starvation legal and, heh, ethical. It's akin to throwing all your insulin away and then saying "well, there's no way now to save this guy in diabetic shock." It's a legal maneuver that shouldn't be confused with either the actual moral or medical issues of care for any particular individual.

That's all I have to say about Schiavo for now. It always exhausts me to contemplate or discuss the whole mess.

Get yer philanthropy on

Stumped for holiday gift giving ideas? Here are three organizations where you can donate in honor of someone you love:

Women for Women International -- Double your philanthropic power: Any donations given through the end of 2006 will be met by matching funds from someone who is apparently very rich. Or buy something from the org's bazaar. This is my one splurge for charity on my limited funds, and I've sponsored (and communicated with) several Afghan women in the past few years.

Heifer International -- Trapped in the hospital last holiday season, I found a surprising amount of joy in knowing bees, rabbits, and part of a goat had been provided for someone in my name. Not just a charity program, this is an educational system that gives communities ecologically appropriate opportunities, one family at a time.

Whirlwind Wheelchair International -- Ralf Hotchkiss has been working on designing wheelchairs for use by individuals in developing countries since the 1970s and his approach is different than other charities that seek to donate Western-made chairs. WWI teaches local disabled people in 45 countries to build their own wheelchairs, providing a continuing resource for the inevitable repairs all chairs eventually need. There are other organizations that build wheelchairs with plastic patio chairs attached to wheels or collect broken-down used chairs that may not suit the environments they're sent to. WWI considers each disabled individual, allows for custom needs, and creates economic opportunity (often for disabled women) instead of drowning the local market with free chairs. Here's the donation page.

Going Native: Health care

I didn't get to everything I wanted to cover last week, so I'll keep posting until I'm done with my little series on Native Americans and disability.

From Indianz.com:

After 11 hearings, two administrations and countless hours of testimony, Congress has yet to reauthorize the Indian Health Care Improvement Act. The law was passed in September 1976. It expired in 2000 but was extended for one year. Since then, tribal and Indian health leaders have sought to reauthorize the act. But key members of Congress say the Bush administration has delayed the amendment and has objected to many of them. Anslem Roanhorse, the executive director for the Navajo Nation Division of Health, said the amendments are needed to improve services to Indian people. He said a recent attempt to bring the bill to the Senate floor failed.

More information from the Gallup Independent's Navajo Bureau shows that health services for Indians continue to fall behind technologically because of this failure of funding:

Officials have presented data that the Act must be reauthorized in order for health disparities that threaten the future of Indian Country. According to IHS statistics, American Indian and Alaskan Native populations have tuberculosis and alcoholism mortality rates six times higher than the rest of the U.S. population, and mortality rates in diabetes that are three times higher than the U.S. population.

From a July 2006 article by Catherine Komp in The New Standard:

Congress has continued to fund the act through budget appropriations of about $3 billion per year. But indigenous advocates say this sum is inadequate, and that without reauthorization, it also remains uncertain. They point to President Bush’s proposal to eliminate the Urban Indian Health Program in the 2007 budget. Funding for the program, which provides health care for Native Americans living in urban areas, was only recently restored by the Senate.

Health advocates also say that tribes need a new bill to address changing health problems and needs on reservations.

Jim Roberts is a policy analyst with the Northwest Portland Area Indian Health Board who has worked on reauthorization issues for the last six years. "It’s been particularly during this administration that we have met with a number of objections related to different provisions of the bill," he told The NewStandard. "Unfortunately we don’t have the political clout that a lot of other groups have to influence members of Congress, to put pressure on the administration to get these folks to the table to address our concerns."

Why is this Congressional funding so hard to pass and maintain? From Komp again:

"We have a federal government… [that] is essentially turning their head on a population of the US that is increasingly getting sicker," said Joe Finkbonner, executive director of the Northwest Portland Area Indian Health Board and member of the Lummi Nation in Washington.

.... The Indian Health Service also estimates that more than two-thirds of health care that is needed for American Indians and Alaskan Natives is denied.

A 2004 report on Native American health issued by the US Commission on Civil Rights connected these divergent realities to a continued climate of racism in the US.

“While some disparities result from intentional discrimination based on race or ethnicity, more frequently discrimination must be inferred from the continued existence of a chronically underfunded, understaffed and inadequate healthcare delivery system,” wrote the report’s authors. “For Native Americans, the existence of glaring disparities across a wide range of health-status, outcome and service indicators – combined with the manner in which the disparities mirror patterns of historical discrimination – makes a convincing argument that the current situation is in fact discriminatory.”

The report found that inadequate federal funding was a major obstacle to eliminating disparities in Native American health care. It stated that annual increases in funding for the Indian Health Service did not include adjustments for inflation or population growth and were significantly less than those allocated to other arms of the Health and Human Services Dept.

The lack of funding often means Native health providers can only offer so-called "life or limb" services to the most desperate.

Beyond ordinary discrimination, one professor finds suicide rates among American Indians is related to past genocide. From the Spokesman Review:

So far, there has been no such official acknowledgement from the U.S. government, said Maria Yellow Horse Brave Heart, a professor at the University of Denver Graduate School of Social Work.

"So much happened to our people, we didn't have time to recover from one trauma before another occurred," said Brave Heart, a Hunkpapa-Oglala Lakota who developed the theory of "historical trauma" among American Indians.

.... Historical trauma is the intergenerational post traumatic stress that is the result of the genocide perpetrated on American Indians, Brave Heart said. The resulting "cumulative group trauma" was aggravated by the boarding school system imposed on Indian children by both the United States and Canada, robbing them of their traditions, language and families, she said.

The children of the massacre survivors, the boarding school survivors, passed on this trauma to their descendants, Brave Heart said. Hope for Native American children lies, Brave Heart said, in recognizing that this historical trauma exists and reclaiming traditional culture and spirituality through the power of the tribal community and "grass roots healing."

I've been trying to find updated informtion on which what members of Congress have the power in which committees to push this past the lobbies that are proving powerful enough to continue stalling passage of the Indian Health Care Act and other necessary funding, but I haven't located that information yet. Here are some outdated links that will hopefully reflect the midterm elections soon.

On feet and feminism

Lacking originality today, I point you toward the excellent writing of Sara at Moving Right Along, who uses the meme "Five things feminism has given me" to explore being a woman with a transfemoral amputation in these modern times. (I've got that right, don't I, Sara? Transfemoral?)

Here's a teaser:

Human bodies sometimes experience catastrophic changes. When a woman's body changes irrevocably so that she can no longer don the appropriate costume, for example, when she has to give up a foot, she is expected to fight this with every fiber of her being. She is not expected to fight losing the foot nearly as much as she is expected to fight appearing to have lost a foot. And usually she wants to. No one wants to be discounted.

A woman patient of my prosthetist's former employer was a bilateral trans-tibial amputee who couldn't imagine wearing anything but high heeled shoes, and so her only prosthetics bore feet and ankles made to accommodate heels with "life-like" foam covers. She was considered "marvelous" for not giving in to disfigurement. Without knowing her, I considered her story insane. Yet I understand why she would want to hold onto this. Those heels are her signature, her identity. I can see how that can come to be in our culture, and how devastating it would be for most women to give that up.

Also check out Sara's thoughtful comment to my post on Tammy Duckworth and a discussion on hairy legs over at Toad in the Hole.

Saturday Slumgullion #19

On Native Americans, indigenous peoples and the blogging of others on Thanksgiving and related things:

Deconstructing the myths of the first Thanksgiving: A bibliography. Via Debbie Reese at American Indians in Children's Literature

American Indians in Children's Literature -- Yeah, check out the whole blog.

Women of Color: Oaxaca coverage -- Brownfemipower has been covering the uprising and fight for rights of the people in the Oaxaca region of Mexico. Violent political struggles, of course, cause death and impairments and often the people fighting for greater freedoms live in extreme poverty that also causes death and impairments. Browse the blog's sidebar categories for further coverage of nation/state violence, indigenous rights, violence against women of color and disability.

I Blame the Patriarchy: Thanks for nothin' -- Twisty provides a feminist interpretation of Thanksgiving celebration.

My Left Wing: Give thanks for genocide -- Thanksgiving as a National Day of Mourning. And turkey.

My Private Casbah: For those with warm and fuzzy feelings about Thanksgiving -- A collection of Native and non-Native links. Also, 13 reasons why Bint does not celebrate Thanksgiving.

Heart, Mind, Soul and Strength: Pass along the blessings --

Thanksgiving in the U.S.A. has become a season not only of Thanksgiving, but also (unfortunately) a season of collective shame and regret over what our forefathers did to the Native Americans. I'd encourage Christians to take the lead in being clear-headed and constructive on this front, not by sweeping the shame and regret under the rug, but by acting with deliberate generosity towards the Native Nations.

Do we share the blame for the wrongs committed by our ancestors? I'd expect we only share in the blame if we see the continuing injustice and take no action.

Report from Cane Creek: Thanksgiving -- Feast or fast?

Spontaneous Arising: Thanksgiving: Eye of the beholder

Mole's Progressive Democrat: Thanksgiving

The Digest: The Indians -- Fighting terrorism since 1492

Thanksgiving tradition as seen through Indian eyes

TiyospayesNow writes in "Thanksgiving, Hope and the Hidden Heart of Evil":

When the Pilgrims came to Plymouth Rock, they were poor and hungry -- half of them died within a few months from disease and hunger. When Squanto, a Wampanoag man, found them, they were in a pitiful state. He spoke English, having traveled to Europe, and took pity on them. Their English crops had failed. The native people fed them through the winter and taught them how to grow their food.

These were not merely "friendly Indians." They had already experienced European slave traders raiding their villages for a hundred years or so, and they were wary -- but it was their way to give freely to those who had nothing. Among many of our peoples, showing that you can give without holding back is the way to earn respect. Among the Dakota, my father's people, they say, when asked to give, "Are we not Dakota and alive?" It was believed that by giving there would be enough for all -- the exact opposite of the system we live in now, which is based on selling, not giving.

Go read it all.

Link via Heart

Visit the Disability Carnival #4

The newest installment of the Disability Carnival is up over at Diary of a Goldfish. Great reading for the long holiday weekend there, so check it out.

And get ready for carnival #5 at Stephen & Connie Kuusisto's Planet of the Blind on Thursday, December 14. The deadline, I expect, is the Monday before -- December 11. The theme is "Traveling with a disability: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly." See you there!

Going Native: Thanksgiving Day

During grad school I read Oglala Sioux Russell Means' autobiography Where White Men Fear to Tread as part of a three-student special conference course (we also read a book on Latina literary criticism and Connie Panzarino's autobiography) for my public administration degree. We discussed the problems Native Americans have had with the federal government throughout the history of the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), and we talked about how controversial Means is among Indians.

Means admits to his own violent tendencies within his marriages, as I recall, but the thing he said that has stuck with me the most is this: Means claims that generations of Indian children were physically and sexually abused in the boarding schools they were forced to attend. In addition to being stolen from their families, punished if they spoke their native language and many sterilized when they reached sexual maturity, that is. That's how a civilized nation commits genocide.

Image: Photo of a Thanksgiving Day play at an Indian boarding school, ca. 1900. Eight grade-school children are pictured, one seated girl in white pilgrim costume and two boys standing behind her wearing long feathered Indian headdresses. The other five children are seated on the floor with the pilgrim girl and seem to be wearing dark-colored school uniforms. Their facial expressions are sober, or even glum. From the Minnesota Historical Society Visual Database.

Happy holiday to everyone.

Going Native: Native women, their rights and violence

A mini-slumgullion of links today on the topic of Native American women's rights and domestic violence:

TiyospayeNow: Fire Thunder Impeachment and the Rights of Women -- Jacqueline Keeler connects the recent impeachment of Cecelia Fire Thunder as Oglala Sioux tribal president to the rights of native women to reproductive freedom and safety from violence:

In addition to impeaching the president, the Oglala Tribal council went one step further than the state of South Dakota -- not only making abortion illegal under any circumstances, except life endangerment, but they made seeking an abortion, or helping someone seek an abortion punishable by banishment from the reservation. So, if a young women is a victim of incest or rape and seeks help from another woman to find an abortion clinic, she and her friend would be banished. Meanwhile, the tribal council resists efforts to deal as stringently with the issue of rape, incest and violence against women, so the men who perpetuate rape are not similarly punished.

Women's Space: Cecelia Fire Thunder, multiple posts -- Heart, who provided the above link to Keeler's eloquent writing, covers the events that led to Fire Thunder's impeachment. Lots of research and excellent links in her multiple entries.

Indian Country: Halting sexual violence -- A June article shows Fire Thunder's pro-choice efforts extend to addressing tribal problems of sexual violence:

Fire Thunder faces an impeachment hearing on June 29. She plans to fight for her office.

''The abortion issue,'' she said, ''is the key that opens the padlock to sexual deviancy that is occurring on the Pine Ridge reservation.''

Sexual deviancy is what Fire Thunder calls rape and incest: crimes that are rarely adjudicated on the reservation. The epidemic nature of the abuse is noticed in drug and alcohol treatment programs where, Fire Thunder said, 87 percent of women will disclose that they were sexually abused, many as children. The ultimate end of domestic assault is rape, what Fire Thunder calls the ''ultimate subjugation.''

Most women on the Pine Ridge reservation, she said, know someone who has been raped. And the stories pour out as women across the reservation start to talk: stories about children bearing male relatives' babies.

Rape victims in particular, Fire Thunder said, need to have the option to terminate the resulting pregnancy.

NOW: Native American women and violence -- Lisa Bungalia writes about the lack of law enforcement assistance for domestic violence victims in tribal areas:

In addition to domestic abuse, Native American women also experience the highest levels of sexual and domestic abuse of any group. A report from the American Indian Women’s Chemical Health Project found that three-fourths of Native American women have experienced some type of sexual assault in their lives. However, most remain silent due to cultural barriers, a high level of mistrust for white dominated agencies, fear of familial alienation, and a history of inactivity by state and tribal agencies to prosecute crimes committed against them.

Indian Country: Indian women rally against white Christian influence on tribal abortion ban -- At a rally just before the November elections where Fire Thunder failed to win back her presidency:

Fire Thunder and Cook-Lynn said American Indian voters have been influenced by the ideology of the Christian right, which they noted has no place in the political arena.

''This is an attack on women's rights that is ongoing; this is a national issue in Indian country.

''If they can tell you you can't have an abortion, they can tell you you must have one,'' Cook-Lynn said, referring to the practice of a few decades ago of sterilizing American Indian women without their permission.

''This is a result of colonization and Christianity; they don't teach reproductive rights,'' she said.

Domestic violence and tribal protection of indigenous women in the United States -- A lengthy paper written by two women professors at the American Indian Law Certificate program at the University of New Mexico School of Law that includes discussion of the role of Indian feminists in tribal solutions to the problem.

Governmentally coerced sterilization of Native American women -- A history of eugenics and genocide through depriving Indian women of their reproductive rights.

More links and resources for tribal domestic violence.

Going Native: Disabled veterans

Native Americans have a long and impressive history of serving in the U.S. military. General George Washington noted their service long before they were considered citizens of the United States. Citizenship came in 1924.

The pride and commitment of American Indians in defending their country shows especially in their contributions to fighting WWII:

More than 44,000 American Indians, out of a total Native American population of less than 350,000, served with distinction between 1941 and 1945 in both European and Pacific theaters of war. Native American men and women on the home front also showed an intense desire to serve their country, and were an integral part of the war effort. More than 40,000 Indian people left their reservations to work in ordnance depots, factories, and other war industries. American Indians also invested more than $50 million in war bonds, and contributed generously to the Red Cross and the Army and Navy Relief societies.

Battle-experienced American Indian troops from World War II were joined by newly recruited Native Americans to fight Communist aggression during the Korean conflict. The Native American's strong sense of patriotism and courage emerged once again during the Vietnam era. More than 42,000 Native Americans, more than 90 percent of them volunteers, fought in Vietnam. Native American contributions in United States military combat continued in the 1980s and 1990s as they saw duty in Grenada, Panama, Somalia, and the Persian Gulf.

From a 1996 Department of the Navy resource:

As the 20th century comes to a close, there are nearly 190,000 Native American military veterans. It is well recognized that, historically, Native Americans have the highest record of service per capita when compared to other ethnic groups.

Culture plays a large part in the high numbers of Indians who volunteer for service:

The reasons behind this disproportionate contribution are complex and deeply rooted in traditional American Indian culture. In many respects, Native Americans are no different from others who volunteer for military service. They do, however, have distinctive cultural values which drive them to serve their country. One such value is their proud warrior tradition.

In part, the warrior tradition is a willingness to engage the enemy in battle. This characteristic has been clearly demonstrated by the courageous deeds of Native Americans in combat. However, the warrior tradition is best exemplified by the following qualities said to be inherent to most if not all Native American societies: strength, honor, pride, devotion, and wisdom. These qualities make a perfect fit with military tradition.

Participating in military service, of course, means being numbered among the military wounded and dead. Native American service men and women have been decorated as heroes, and buried as heroes, as well.

U.S. Marine and Pima Indian Ira Hamilton Hayes was one of the six men who raised the American flag in the historic 1945 Iwo Jima photograph. Dubbed a national hero, he was tormented by survivor's guilt:

President Franklin D. Roosevelt called the brave survivors of the flag raising back to the United States to aid a war bond drive. At the White House, President Truman told Ira, "You are an American hero." But Ira didn't feel pride. As he later lamented, "How could I feel like a hero when only five men in my platoon of 45 survived, when only 27 men in my company of 250 managed to escape death or injury?" Later, they were shuttled from one city to another for publicity purposes with questionable sincerity on the part of the American military. Ira Hayes asked to be sent back to the front lines, stating that "sometimes I wish that guy had never made that picture".

Mental stress and alcoholism that resulted from his service in WWII ultimately led to his death by exposure in 1955. He was 33. Johnny Cash wrote a touching song about him:

The Ballad of Ira Hayes

Ira Hayes,
Ira Hayes

CHORUS:
Call him drunken Ira Hayes
He won't answer anymore
Not the whiskey drinkin' Indian
Nor the Marine that went to war

Gather round me people there's a story I would tell
About a brave young Indian you should remember well
From the land of the Pima Indian
A proud and noble band
Who farmed the Phoenix valley in Arizona land

Down the ditches for a thousand years
The water grew Ira's peoples' crops
'Till the white man stole the water rights
And the sparklin' water stopped

Now Ira's folks were hungry
And their land grew crops of weeds
When war came, Ira volunteered
And forgot the white man's greed

CHORUS:
Call him drunken Ira Hayes
He won't answer anymore
Not the whiskey drinkin' Indian
Nor the Marine that went to war

There they battled up Iwo Jima's hill,
Two hundred and fifty men
But only twenty-seven lived to walk back down again

And when the fight was over
And when Old Glory raised
Among the men who held it high
Was the Indian, Ira Hayes

CHORUS:
Call him drunken Ira Hayes
He won't answer anymore
Not the whiskey drinkin' Indian
Nor the Marine that went to war

Ira returned a hero
Celebrated through the land
He was wined and speeched and honored; Everybody shook his hand

But he was just a Pima Indian
No water, no crops, no chance
At home nobody cared what Ira'd done
And when did the Indians dance

CHORUS:
Call him drunken Ira Hayes
He won't answer anymore
Not the whiskey drinkin' Indian
Nor the Marine that went to war

Then Ira started drinkin' hard;
Jail was often his home
They'd let him raise the flag and lower it
like you'd throw a dog a bone!

He died drunk one mornin'
Alone in the land he fought to save
Two inches of water in a lonely ditch
Was a grave for Ira Hayes

CHORUS:
Call him drunken Ira Hayes
He won't answer anymore
Not the whiskey drinkin' Indian
Nor the Marine that went to war

Yeah, call him drunken Ira Hayes
But his land is just as dry
And his ghost is lyin' thirsty
In the ditch where Ira died

In August of 2005, Stories in America blog interviewed Thomas Berry, a Choctaw Indian from Oklahoma who served in Vietnam and the first war in Iraq. Disabled from his military service, Berry has post-traumatic stress disorder, nerve damage and degenerative joint disease in his lower back, so he also has extensive experience with disabled veterans services and the ways that it fails to help the men and women who must rely on it. He started the National Native Americans Veterans Association to try and fill the need of disabled Indian veterans.

When you start talking about mental health and post-traumatic stress disorder, it's hard to gauge how much money you need to put forward to restore that individual. I'll tell you up front, you'll never restore that individual. I still have a lot of problems. I still have nightmares from things I've seen. I expect to have that for the rest of my life. That's not just me. I have an uncle who was in the Navy in Korea who still has nightmares. That was over 50 years ago. Unfortunately, there is no way to prepare a young man or woman for what they might and will face in a combat zone. You just can't do it.

Berry's organization, NNAVA, seeks to help veterans, but also to emotionally support those currently serving in Afghanistan and Iraq:

It's a Native American tradition, where a young man who goes into battle will only wear moccasins. Moccasins were made for him to help him find his way home or find his way into the next life. What we're doing is using that Native tradition. We're making moccasins in the traditional manner. We have a list of over 400 Native Americans serving in Iraq and Afghanistan. Those are the ones we know about. We're wrapping the moccasins in red flannel. Wrapping something in red is what you do for sacred objects. We're sending moccasins to these young Native American troops as a sign of respect for the sacrifice that they're making. It's a way of honoring their service. We've sent 100 pair of moccasins already.

On the difficulty of getting treatment through the VA hospitals, Berry says:

Oklahoma has two VA hospitals. They are totally independent of each other. Protocols for treatment are completely different. There's no standard protocol. Unless you know how each individual hospital works, you're stuck. If I need PTSD treatment, I have to go to Dallas, Texas. At this point, I combine services between Indian Health Clinics and the VA. I believe there's 175 medical centers in the VA system and they are all different. If they standardized, they would save a lot of money.

Though Berry can combine VA services with those offered at the Indian Health Clinics, those services lack adequate federal funding and suffer from the historical neglect and indifference of U.S. policy toward the needs of Native populations.

That neglect and indifference can also be seen in the media representation of Native American service men and women -- or the lack of representation of their work. Lori Piestewa, a Hopi mother and the first American service woman to officially die in combat, was the smaller supplemental media story to the ambush and dramatic recovery of blond, white service woman Jessica Lynch. From the RollingStone article that documents Piestewa's very Hopi contributions to the war:

If Lori had been born a century earlier, the United States government would have considered her an enemy. In the late 1800s, the U.S. Cavalry invaded Hopi lands and decreed that the fields now belonged to white settlers. The Hopi fought back, not with guns or arrows but with nonviolent resistance. (The name Hopi means "peaceful people.") In defiance of the military, Hopi farmers continued to cultivate their lands. The Army arrested nineteen Hopi leaders and sent them to Alcatraz, where some spent as long as two years in solitary.

Piestewa was raised in this Hopi tradition of nonviolence, which emphasizes helping others, starting at home, with one's own family and clan, and extending outward to include the entire community and nation. (Her father, Terry, is Hopi; her mother, Percy, is Hispanic.) As a baby, Lori had her hair washed in a Hopi ceremony and was given the name Kocha-hon-mana: White Bear Girl. "We Hopi were put on this earth to be peaceful," explains Terry, a short, round man with graying hair and a soft voice.

As it is for so many, military service was an opportunity for Piestewa to help her country and provide for her family:

For Native Americans, patriotism and military service are complex, often contentious issues. Some Indians call those who join the military "apples" -- red on the outside, white on the inside. (One T-shirt popular on the reservation bears an old-time photograph of four Indians, rifles at the ready, with the words, homeland security: fighting terrorism since 1492.) But many American Indians still consider this their homeland and have fought to defend it; during World War II, one in eight Indians joined the military.

For Lori, the military was just another way to help others -- starting with her kids and her family. "She wanted to fend for her children," says her mother, Percy. "She was going to build us a house and take care of us. I think she weighed the options that she had. We're not rich enough to send her to college. When you have obstacles in your way, you take what life offers."

The events in Iraq that led to Piestewa's death and Lynch's rescue have been used to help paint our occupation of Iraq as a successful show of force, but Piestewa's family were troubled by the reported tales of Lori's last moments:

Even after Lori was buried, the circumstances surrounding her death remained sketchy. Every rumor was reported as fact, and her family didn't know what to believe. They received reports of Lori fighting to the death, taking many Iraqis with her. "She drew her weapon and fought," Rick Renzi, an Arizona congressman, announced after one Army briefing. "It was her last stand."

It was the kind of image that would make many military families proud: the heroic warrior, guns blazing, fighting to the end. But when Terry Piestewa finally learned the truth about his daughter's death, he was relieved. Lori hadn't fired a shot. All she was doing was driving, trying to get the people she cared about to safety.

"We're very satisfied she went the Hopi way," her father says, smiling. "She didn't inflict any harm on anybody."

AP Photo above shows Jessica Lynch with Lori Piestewa, both in camouflage military uniform.

Going Native for the week

In honor of the very white, colonial American holiday of Thanksgiving, all posts this week will be about Native Americans (or possibly indigenous populations, generally). I want to see what I can learn about disability issues for American Indians.

Any resources or information anyone has on the topic are welcome here.

"Web accessibility" for the disabled vs. for everyone

In the comments to my recent post, "Deciding who's legitimate," Zara provides some interesting information of web accessibility and a difference of opinions on it that I think deserves some attention. On the topic of legitimacy itself, Zara says this:

Finally, although there are certainly situations where it may be hard to definitively pin down a particular disability for lack of a clear-cut "diagnosis" and that these people should certainly not be penalised for it, I do think that there does need to be some sort of "line" if only to protect the rights of disabled people and prevent our issues from being highjacked from persons without disabilities. In Web accessibility, there is a very organised and concerted effort to expand what falls into the idea of disability to include everything from search bots to mac users, etc. Personally, I find that this can be a threat to rights that have already been recognised legally or to efforts of having those rights recognised.

Not knowing anything about this threat, I asked Zara to expand. She did that, and included great links on the debate, as well:

In the last year especially, several Web developers and designers, on blogs or mailing lists, have been questioning whether accessibility is a "persons with disabilities" issue or an "access for all" issue. For a summary of both positions, see this article from Accessites. I also suggest you have a look at isolani's series Accessibility in Trouble.

Basically, the reasoning seems to be that since some Web accessibility requirements can indeed present secondary benefits for persons without disabilities (for example, those using less performing material or mobile phone users or those with slow connections or non-native speakers of whatever language, etc.), then it is inadequate, perhaps even discriminatory, to present accessibility primarily as a persons with disabilities issue. And some feel that "selling" accessibility on the basis of benefits to disabled users is too difficult because most people are "uncomfortable" talking about persons with disabilities. So, most notably, search engine optimisation (SEO) is showcased heavily because, did you hear the news ?, Google is blind. In essence, many argue that accessibility is more about availability of resources for everyone. Not withstanding that there already is a concept for what they are referring to, i.e. universality, my major problems with this are :

Web accessibility is a complex field and many developers have a very limited understanding of what the real needs of persons with disabilities are. I do not believe that redefining accessibility to suit business or SEO concerns or suggesting that problems accessing a Web resource with a mobile phone are comparable to a disability will help them to better understand our needs.

Also, I feel that implementing accessibility conditionally to what is convenient for mobile phone users or search bots, etc., particularly in places where it is mandated by law, is not an indication of rights being recognised and upheld. While it is certainly nice that some accessibility requirements can be convenient for other users, I do not believe that you can consider these interests on the same level and I fear there is a real danger of ignoring requirements that are very necessary to certain types of disabilities but that are more demanding and/or present limited advantage in reaching broader audiences or achieving better SEO, etc. Moreover, I fear that with this new definition, there is real danger that rights to access for the disabled not be legally recognised in places where it has yet to be mandated by law because, after all, "accessibility is for everyone" so why would we need to legislate it for a particular population ?

Finally, and this is more a personal statement, I am troubled that this effort is coming from non-disabled people and that very few persons with disabilities are involved in these discussions, whatever their position may be. I feel like once again, things are being "decided" for us on something that is directly related to our rights by people who seem to have a limited understanding of the overall issues relating to disability.

Indeed, nondisabled people deciding for disabled folks what is best is an insidious problem. Just when you think the mechanisms are in place to work toward improvement of access, resistance seems to spring up and disabled people get crowded out of the conversation.

As someone very interesting in making my blog as accessible as possible to all disabled people, it's troubling to find that the information I need to do this may only get more clouded in the future. I want simple, understandable instructions on how to let blind folks, for example, have full access to whatever I decide to discuss -- particularly because as a group they may be much more knowledgeable about some disability issues than I am. I don't want the idea of "web accessibility" to be confused by a flurry of information on conveniences for people who can already access whatever they want.

Saturday Slumgullion #18

Cleaning out my mailbag of interesting links:

The cover story for Time magazine, Oct. 2, 2006: "My Right Hand" by Michael Weisskopf

Chicago city engineers are tasked with checking curb cuts for ADA compliance.

From the AARP Bulletin: "Living by Design: Creative guru Michael Graves turns his attention to improving home health products. This time it’s personal."

Just over a year ago, poet Sharon Olds declined a White House invitation because of the war in Iraq. Read her letter to Mrs. Bush.

The Wall Street Journal writes on Vermont's explorations to alternatives to nursing homes for seniors.

The NYT covers the competition among wheelchair racers in the New York City Marathon.

The article title's question seems stupid to me: "Should severely disabled kids be kept small?" (the answer is no), but MSNBC reports on a six-year-old disabled girl given hormones to keep her physically small and immature.

Quieter cars put blind pedestrians at risk.

In Connecticut's Hartford Courant, 86-year-old Daniel Gross challenges the system that locked him in a nursing home for ten months after being declared unfit by a probate court.

Blinds people around the country voted privately for the first time ever in this past election. Here's one example of an 82-year-old man finally doing it on his own.

ABCNews reports that disabled women with early stage breast cancer are less likely than nondisabled women to be offered the best current treatment options.

LA Times reporter Dan Weikel documents the ADA violations an average wheelchair user finds out-and-about each day.

"Is morbid obesity a disability?"

This past week, the first ever contestant on Who Wants to be a Millionaire? to use a wheelchair instead of the tv show's "hot seat" competed:

Muha was impressed by the tact and sensitivity of “Millionaire” producers, who she says, “asked all of the right questions, and none of the wrong ones.” When asked if Muha wanted to transfer into the hot seat or remain in her wheelchair, Muha asked, “Am I the first person ever on the show in a wheelchair?”

After hearing that in fact she would be the very first, Muha replied, “Then I will definitely stay in my chair!” “Millionaire” built a 3 piece removable ramp for Muha to push herself up to the platform, where she was eye level with host, Meredith Vieira.

The non-profit organization Disability Rights Advocates releases it's ninth annual eagle and turkey awards.

San Diego mayor fires his coordinator for disability services after she advises him the city needs to spend $50 million to avoid federal penalties.

The Sacramento Bee has a series on the price of disability access: Part 1, Part 2, Part 3, Editorial, Letters to the Editor. Good photos, as well.

Democrats in U.S. Senate promise to look closely at Bush's Justice Department Civil Rights Division, says the Boston Globe.

The real Diane Arbus and "Fur"

The subtitle for the new biopic "Fur," starring Nicole Kidman, is "An imaginary portrait of Diane Arbus." Negative reviews have mostly focused on the fact that Arbus' body of work in photography was all about unsentimental realism, though they also note that the submissive approach of Kidman's character to her work is clearly inaccurate and that Kidman herself does not look remotely like Arbus ever did. With so much of the imaginary, there is little of Arbus in the film's portrait.

Arbus, who committed suicide in 1971 at the age of 48, was best known for her photography of society's "freaks": transvestites, giants, dwarfs, nudists, prostitutes, and institutionalized developmentally disabled folks. That's the disability connection. Arbus captured images of disabled people or those with abnormal appearance (which is often associated with disability). Her relationship to the people she photographed has long been a subject of debate. What exactly was her personal fascination with these people about? Was she exploiting her subjects or lovingly documenting their lives? What effect does the power of the photographic gaze have when turned on the powerless or disenfranchised in society? What impact, specifically, does Arbus' stark unsentimental style have on this power of the gaze?

Slate's Dana Stevens' review of "Fur," ironically subtitled "A Lame Take on Photographer Diane Arbus," finds the film stylistically inaccurate to Arbus' life and work:

I'll just note, by way of observation, that the movie's style and mood are the opposite of Arbus' own starkly unsentimental work. Everything in the movie is laboriously pretty. The general atmosphere is Gothic in the style of Twin Peaks: Fetishized freaks are tossed here and there for accent, like throw pillows, while a relentless score by Carter Burwell keeps reminding us how to feel about each moment: Spooked! Tender! Erotically transported!

Similarly, from the NYT:

In “Fur,” Mr. Shainberg’s screenwriter, Erin Cressida Wilson, who also wrote “Secretary,” twists the classic Freudian concept of sexual fetishism, having apparently decided that the best way to explain Arbus’s singular perspective on the world is to transform her into a fetishist. Thus, in this formulation, Lionel, her fuzzy neighbor, becomes a kind of walking, talking fetish, a means — to freedom, creativity, imagination and what Ms. Bosworth calls the dark world — that will usher her into a new realm. This sounds more promising than what materializes on screen largely because Mr. Shainberg and Ms. Wilson have turned Arbus’s life into a neurotic fairy tale.

The fictional fur-covered Lionel introduces Kidman's character to freaks through erotic seduction and controls the submissive film-Arbus' access of them. So, in addition to casting Arbus' subjects as interesting only through fetishism and not for their distinctive humanity, Arbus herself is denied control of her own artistry. Again, Stevens in Slate:

....The script's subtle misogyny, which relegates Arbus' work to the realm of personal liberation, tries to pass itself off as feminism. As the film re-imagines Arbus' career, she begins to take pictures only when given permission to explore her dark side by the wounded Lionel. The problem with this vision of the real Arbus' life isn't that it's myth; it's that it's crap. In the film, art is, in the end, something Arbus makes to please her cool new boyfriend, a kind of mix tape on photographic paper. Even her choice of subject matter to photograph—the castoffs of society, giants, freaks, and amputees—doesn't come from Arbus' own deliberative process. These just happen to be the people in her sweetie's peer group, and after all, they are pretty punk-rock looking, what with the armlessness and all.

From Mia Fineman, also in Slate:

The problem with this scenario as an expression of Arbus' "inner experience" is that it divests her of any artistic agency. Arbus, who in reality was fiercely intelligent and articulate about her chosen art form, comes off as a benighted ingénue—not so much an artist as an adventurous '50s housewife in the process of discovering her bohemian side.

The director defends the film's twisted vision of Arbus in The Washington Post:

"Some of the things people might expect or wish from an Arbus film are so dull to do cinematically," said Shainberg, whose previous film "Secretary" received critical acclaim. "I don't personally want to get in the bathroom with her when she kills herself."

While it's interesting to hear a director say suicide is cinematically dull, what's really dull is the culturally dominant take on what "freaks" are all about and an apparently deliberate mistelling of Arbus' approach to her artistic work. The 2003 catalog of her work, as well as the traveling exhibit to accompany it, are both titled "Revelations," but there's nothing revelatory of assigning society's "freaks" the role of object of fetishism or explaining a woman's professional work as inspired by something other than her own original vision.


The photographs above show Arbus with a poster of one of her photographs and Kidman in the role of Arbus, respectively. Arbus is a dark-haired, dark-eyed New York Jew, while Kidman, of course, is her WASP-y Australian self, though her hair seems to have been dyed for the role.

Updating blogroll

I'm working on adding fresh links to my sidebar and I'm removing some that seem to have been inactive for a long time. Any corrections or comments to this process are welcome.

Is disabled accessibility a feminist issue?

The above question is another google search that led here even though I don't have any posts that address this specifically. So, I thought it was about time.

Yes.

The Phoenix, Arizona chapter of NOW (National Organization for Women) used to meet on the inaccessible second floor of a building. I don't know if they do any more. I'd called once, after driving by with my mother and finding that any bus ride to that location to attend a meeting would only end with me hanging out wistfully in the parking lot. The woman I'd mentioned this access problem to on the phone seemed at a loss to address the problem, and either uninterested or so overwhelmed by the issue that she really couldn't be bothered to consider it seriously. And that was the beginning and end of my relationship with Phoenix NOW, though I did help run a Tempe/ASU campus chapter for a year or two.

Wherever women gather to discuss or protest about civil rights and equality, disabled women should be able to be present and to communicate too. This includes blogs, by the way, though not all blogging formats are equally accessible to blind people.

Here are some other reasons the answer will always be "yes."

Wherever women are left to be the primary unpaid caregivers to disabled family members, their work should not be complicated by inaccessibility that isolates them and the loved ones they help or plummets them into abject poverty.

Wherever women with disabilities are poor because of discrimination and lack of access to gainful employment, disability access is a feminist issue.

Wherever primarily immigrant and minority women hold jobs in nursing homes as low-paid nursing assistants, the problems of the disabled will affect these other women and their livelihoods too.

Wherever backbreaking labor-heavy jobs do not provide adequate health care for the physical problems employment causes, disabled accessibility is a feminist issue.

Wherever minority children are more likely to be considered learning disabled or developmentally disabled and denied equal or adequate educations because of this, disabled accessibility is a feminist issue.

Wherever women or minorities are more likely to be considered mentally ill than men or white folks, disabled accessibility to mental health treatment (at the very least) is a feminist issue.

Wherever war rages and survivors are left with permanent disabilities, especially those places where disabled women are determined unmarriageable, unemployable or banished from their own homes, accessibility for the disabled is about women and feminist issues.

Wherever standards of fashion and beauty create inequalities that primarily impact women, accessibility for those whose bodies or minds are deemed abnormal, culturally unfashionable and ugly (or even dangerous) is a feminist issue.

Wherever race, ethnicity, sex or gender differences and variations are treated as bodily abnormalities or flaws to legitimize discrimination, disability is being invoked as a reason for prejudice and denying some people equal consideration as human beings.

Wherever the right to reproductive choices is limited and the politics of choosing includes prejudices about who is and is not worthy to parent, disabled accessibility to medical care, supportive doctors and reproductive freedom is a feminist issue.

Wherever women are, there will be some disabled women. Wherever feminism seeks to include all women in its agenda, the problems of disabled women will be a feminist issue.

Can you think of any more?

Call for submissions to Superfest

Someday I am going to Superfest. Yes I am.

SUPERFEST International Disability Film Festival Calls for Submissions:

Your Opportunity to Contribute to Disability Culture

SUPERFEST, the world's longest-running juried international disability film festival, is seeking your entry for submission to our 27th film competition. SUPERFEST is the primary international showcase for cutting-edge films that portray disability culture and experience in all its diverse, complex, and empowering facets.

NEW FINAL ENTRY DEADLINE:
January 15, 2007 (post-marked). Early bird discount if mailed by Jan. 3, 2007. Judging takes place in Spring 2007, and winners will be announced on or around April 1st, 2007. Winners will be screened in the SF Bay Area in June 2007, and all entries will be listed in the festival catalogue. Winners will be asked to provide still production photos and tape copies for publicity purposes.

Eligibility Requirements:
1. Works must be on the subject of disability.
2. Work must have been produced within the last 10 calendar years (since January 1997, for entry in Superfest XXVII in 2007).
3. Entries for Superfest XXVII must be postmarked on or before January 15th, 2007, no exceptions.
4. Must be in the following formats:
a) NTSC VHS Video
b) NTSC DVD (Region I)

Superfest strongly encourages filmmakers to provide captioning and audio description so that films are accessible to the widest possible audience.

Entry fees range from $30 to $90, depending on film length and production budget. This Festival is funded solely by entry fees, small grants, and individual contributions. For detailed information, and to download an entry form, visit: http://www.culturedisabilitytalent.org. You can also e-mail: Superfest@aol.com; phone: 510-845-5576, or send a legal size SASE to: CDT, P.O. Box 1107, Berkeley, CA 94701.

Contact us if you would like to volunteer or make a donation!

Please distribute our Call for Submissions widely. Post on websites, message boards and send to email lists. Thanks for helping us pass the word!

Freedom

A belated election cheer. Via Cut to the Chase

Kuusisto on Beauty

Go to The Washington Post and read "The Beauty Myth" by Stephen Kuusisto.

Excerpt to entice:

It's not that I'm inured to beauty. Imagine that you're talking to a woman who is sitting across a table from you. When you look at her, all you see is a shimmering cloud of light. On the one hand, you are able to observe people as mystical emanations of divine radiance. On the other hand, you don't know what this woman looks like. So you pour some pinot grigio, and you listen. She's talking about hats: late 19th-century "Gibson girl" hats with the flowers and jaunty brims. She's talking about the first great era of catalogue fashion and a new kind of innocent loveliness. A sighted person might have trouble believing this, but if you're having a nice time in a cloud of light, and you're talking about beauty, the person opposite you is, in fact, beautiful.

Things that crack me up, #14

Sitemeter shows a google search that ended up here: "Why do the disabled wear shoes?"

What do you think? What's your excuse?